WorldPop Africa age structure dataset details
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DATASET: Alpha version 2014 estimates of number of people in each 5-year age group per grid square, with national totals adjusted to match UN population division estimates (http://esa.un.org/wpp/).
REGION: Africa
SPATIAL RESOLUTION: 0.00833333 decimal degrees (approx 100m at the equator)
PROJECTION: Geographic, WGS84
UNITS: Estimated number of people in each 5-year age group per grid square
MAPPING APPROACH: Land cover based, as described in: Linard, C., Gilbert, M., Snow, R.W., Noor, A.M. and Tatem, A.J., 2012, Population distribution, settlement patterns and accessibility across Africa in 2010, PLoS ONE,  7(2): e31743. 
5-YEAR AGE PROPORTIONS: Tatem, Andrew J., Garcia, Andres J., Snow, Robert W., Noor, Abdisalan M., Gaughan, Andrea E.,Gilbert, Marius and Linard, Catherine, 2013, Millennium development health metrics: where do Africa's children and women of childbearing age live? Population Health Metrics, 11, (1), 11.
FORMAT: Geotiff (zipped using 7-zip (open access tool): www.7-zip.org)
FILENAMES: Example - BEN14_A0005_adjv1 = Benin (BEN) population count between 0 and 5 years old map (A0005) for 2014 (14) adjusted to match UN national estimates (adj), version 1 (v1). 
DATE OF PRODUCTION: August 2014

Dataset construction details and input data are provided here: http://www.worldpop.org.uk/data/methods/
The general population mapping approach is described here: http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0031743
The methodology to estimate 5-year age proportions is described here: http://www.pophealthmetrics.com/content/11/1/11